<Text-field bookmark="4.A" style="Heading 1" layout="Heading 1">Example of using odeadvisor, infolevel, and odetest</Text-field>

First Order Linear Differential Equations: Method of Integrating Factors

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Define the differential equation

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

This is a first order linear differential equation, but it is not separable, as Maple can check with the odeadvisor command:

Is it linear (yes):

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Is it separable (no):

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Or just tell us all that it is:

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This time we ask Maple to provide us information as to how it is solving with the dsolve command:

by setting infolevel for dsolve to 3 --

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

Now set information level for output back to 0:

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Note we can check potential solutions to see if they are correct with Maple's odetest -- If this function returns 0, the proposed solution is correct; if it returns a nonzero algebraic expression, it is not in fact a solution

Testing a correct solution:

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

Testing an incorrect solution:

LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYnLUkjbWlHRiQ2I1EhRictRiM2J0YrLUYjNictRiw2JVEob2RldGVzdEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JI21vR0YkNi1RMCZBcHBseUZ1bmN0aW9uO0YnL0Y6USdub3JtYWxGJy8lJmZlbmNlR1EmZmFsc2VGJy8lKnNlcGFyYXRvckdGRC8lKXN0cmV0Y2h5R0ZELyUqc3ltbWV0cmljR0ZELyUobGFyZ2VvcEdGRC8lLm1vdmFibGVsaW1pdHNHRkQvJSdhY2NlbnRHRkQvJSdsc3BhY2VHUSYwLjBlbUYnLyUncnNwYWNlR0ZTLUkobWZlbmNlZEdGJDYkLUYjNihGKy1GIzYpRistRiM2Jy1GLDYlUSJ5RidGNkY5RjwtRlc2JC1GIzYlLUYsNiVRInhGJ0Y2RjkvJStleGVjdXRhYmxlR0ZERkBGQEZjb0ZALUY9Ni1RIj1GJ0ZARkJGRUZHRklGS0ZNRk8vRlJRLDAuMjc3Nzc3OGVtRicvRlVGaW8tRiM2KEYrLUYjNictSSVtc3VwR0YkNiUtRj02LVEvJkV4cG9uZW50aWFsRTtGJ0ZARkJGRUZHRklGS0ZNRk9GUS9GVVEsMC4xMTExMTExZW1GJ0Zgby8lMXN1cGVyc2NyaXB0c2hpZnRHUSIwRictRj02LVExJkludmlzaWJsZVRpbWVzO0YnRkBGQkZFRkdGSUZLRk1GT0ZRRlRGYG9GY29GQC1GPTYtUSIrRidGQEZCRkVGR0ZJRktGTUZPL0ZSUSwwLjIyMjIyMjJlbUYnL0ZVRmFxLUYsNiVRIkNGJ0Y2RjlGY29GQEYrRmNvRkAtRj02LVEiLEYnRkBGQi9GRkY4RkdGSUZLRk1GT0ZRL0ZVUSwwLjMzMzMzMzNlbUYnLUYsNiVRJG9kZUYnRjZGOUZjb0ZARkBGY29GQEYrRmNvRkBGK0Zjb0ZA

<Text-field bookmark="4.B" style="Heading 1" layout="Heading 1">Step by Step Solution with Method of Integrating Factors for a First-Order Linear ODE</Text-field>

To solve the general first-order linear ODE we

a) Write in the standard form

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

b) Multiply both sides of the differential equation by the integrating factor, 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, that makes the left hand side able to be written as the derivative of the product 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.

The equation can then be written in the form

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

c) Inte this equation to get

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

d) Then solve for y by dividing this equation by 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.

Apply the method to the problem we considered above:

In this problem, 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 and 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. The integrating factor is 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

The intfactor function in Maple's DEtools package will also compute the integrating factor for us:

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

Multiplication of the ODE by this integrating factor yields

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

We know then from our method of integrating factors that our solution is easily computed as:

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 + C.

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 + C.

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 (LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYlLUklbXN1cEdGJDYlLUkjbW9HRiQ2LVEvJkV4cG9uZW50aWFsRTtGJy8lLG1hdGh2YXJpYW50R1Enbm9ybWFsRicvJSZmZW5jZUdRJmZhbHNlRicvJSpzZXBhcmF0b3JHRjcvJSlzdHJldGNoeUdGNy8lKnN5bW1ldHJpY0dGNy8lKGxhcmdlb3BHRjcvJS5tb3ZhYmxlbGltaXRzR0Y3LyUnYWNjZW50R0Y3LyUnbHNwYWNlR1EmMC4wZW1GJy8lJ3JzcGFjZUdRLDAuMTExMTExMWVtRictSSNtaUdGJDYlUSJ4RicvJSdpdGFsaWNHUSV0cnVlRicvRjNRJ2l0YWxpY0YnLyUxc3VwZXJzY3JpcHRzaGlmdEdRIjBGJy8lK2JhY2tncm91bmRHUS5bMjU1LDI1NSwyNTVdRidGMg== +C)

Maple can also do this:

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

In the above command rhs(eqn) stands for the right hand side of eqn (our new differential equation).

We can again check our step by step solution for correctness.

<Text-field style="Heading 1" layout="Heading 1">Exercise </Text-field>

LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYoLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEkb2RlRicvJSdpdGFsaWNHUSV0cnVlRicvJSxtYXRodmFyaWFudEdRJ2l0YWxpY0YnLUkjbW9HRiQ2LVEifkYnL0YzUSdub3JtYWxGJy8lJmZlbmNlR1EmZmFsc2VGJy8lKnNlcGFyYXRvckdGPS8lKXN0cmV0Y2h5R0Y9LyUqc3ltbWV0cmljR0Y9LyUobGFyZ2VvcEdGPS8lLm1vdmFibGVsaW1pdHNHRj0vJSdhY2NlbnRHRj0vJSdsc3BhY2VHUSYwLjBlbUYnLyUncnNwYWNlR0ZMLUY2Ni1RKiZjb2xvbmVxO0YnRjlGO0Y+RkBGQkZERkZGSC9GS1EsMC4yNzc3Nzc4ZW1GJy9GTkZTRjUvJStleGVjdXRhYmxlR0Y9Rjk=

LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYmLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEnZHNvbHZlRicvJSdpdGFsaWNHUSV0cnVlRicvJSxtYXRodmFyaWFudEdRJ2l0YWxpY0YnLUkobWZlbmNlZEdGJDYkLUYjNiUtRiw2JVEkb2RlRidGL0YyLyUrZXhlY3V0YWJsZUdRJmZhbHNlRicvRjNRJ25vcm1hbEYnRkBGPUZA

Compute using formula:

LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYnLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVElaW50ZkYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JI21vR0YkNi1RKiZjb2xvbmVxO0YnL0YzUSdub3JtYWxGJy8lJmZlbmNlR1EmZmFsc2VGJy8lKnNlcGFyYXRvckdGPS8lKXN0cmV0Y2h5R0Y9LyUqc3ltbWV0cmljR0Y9LyUobGFyZ2VvcEdGPS8lLm1vdmFibGVsaW1pdHNHRj0vJSdhY2NlbnRHRj0vJSdsc3BhY2VHUSwwLjI3Nzc3NzhlbUYnLyUncnNwYWNlR0ZMLUYsNiNRIUYnLyUrZXhlY3V0YWJsZUdGPUY5

Verify with intfactor:

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

Multiplication of the ODE by this integrating factor yields

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

ntegrate the right hand side -- might be easier to expand first:

LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYmLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEnZXhwYW5kRicvJSdpdGFsaWNHUSV0cnVlRicvJSxtYXRodmFyaWFudEdRJ2l0YWxpY0YnLUkobWZlbmNlZEdGJDYkLUYjNiYtRiw2JVEkcmhzRidGL0YyLUY2NiQtRiM2JS1GLDYlUSRlcW5GJ0YvRjIvJStleGVjdXRhYmxlR1EmZmFsc2VGJy9GM1Enbm9ybWFsRidGR0ZERkdGR0ZERkc=

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

JSFH

Divide by the integrating factor

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

Check: Maple can also do this:

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

We can again check our step by step solution for correctness.

<Text-field style="Heading 1" layout="Heading 1">Example 3: An Initial Value Problem where Numerical Integration must be used</Text-field>

Consider the initial value problem given by:

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When we attempt to solve this either by hand or with Maple we see that we get in integral which does not have a closed form

s in terms of the erro

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

If we want to evaluate the solution y(x) at a value such as x = 2, after substituing in the value, we invoke evalf function, which then causes Maple to use a numerical integration technique to approximate the resulting definte integral.

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

The difficulty in this problem arrises when we multiply the equation by the integrating factor -- the new right hand side does not have a closed form for its indefinite integral.

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Because this is an initial value problem we know that we want y(1) = 4. So we can write our solution in terms of a definite integral:

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

Or directly

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

<Text-field style="Heading 1" layout="Heading 1">Exercise 25: Initial Value Problem where Numerical Integration must be used</Text-field>

Exercise 25: Consider the initial value problem given by:

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; 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

When we attempt to solve this either by hand or with Maple we see that we get in integral which does not have a closed form

( Maple expresses this in terms of the error function erf ).

LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYnLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEkb2RlRicvJSdpdGFsaWNHUSV0cnVlRicvJSxtYXRodmFyaWFudEdRJ2l0YWxpY0YnLUkjbW9HRiQ2LVEqJmNvbG9uZXE7RicvRjNRJ25vcm1hbEYnLyUmZmVuY2VHUSZmYWxzZUYnLyUqc2VwYXJhdG9yR0Y9LyUpc3RyZXRjaHlHRj0vJSpzeW1tZXRyaWNHRj0vJShsYXJnZW9wR0Y9LyUubW92YWJsZWxpbWl0c0dGPS8lJ2FjY2VudEdGPS8lJ2xzcGFjZUdRLDAuMjc3Nzc3OGVtRicvJSdyc3BhY2VHRkwtRiw2JVElV0hBVEYnL0YwRj1GOS8lK2V4ZWN1dGFibGVHRj1GOQ==

LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYnLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEjSUNGJy8lJ2l0YWxpY0dRJXRydWVGJy8lLG1hdGh2YXJpYW50R1EnaXRhbGljRictSSNtb0dGJDYtUSomY29sb25lcTtGJy9GM1Enbm9ybWFsRicvJSZmZW5jZUdRJmZhbHNlRicvJSpzZXBhcmF0b3JHRj0vJSlzdHJldGNoeUdGPS8lKnN5bW1ldHJpY0dGPS8lKGxhcmdlb3BHRj0vJS5tb3ZhYmxlbGltaXRzR0Y9LyUnYWNjZW50R0Y9LyUnbHNwYWNlR1EsMC4yNzc3Nzc4ZW1GJy8lJ3JzcGFjZUdGTC1GLDYlUSVXSEFURidGL0YyLyUrZXhlY3V0YWJsZUdGPUY5

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

JSFH

Follow the method of Example 3 above

LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYnLUkjbWlHRiQ2I1EhRictRiM2J0YrLUYjNictRiw2JVElc3Vic0YnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JI21vR0YkNi1RMCZBcHBseUZ1bmN0aW9uO0YnL0Y6USdub3JtYWxGJy8lJmZlbmNlR1EmZmFsc2VGJy8lKnNlcGFyYXRvckdGRC8lKXN0cmV0Y2h5R0ZELyUqc3ltbWV0cmljR0ZELyUobGFyZ2VvcEdGRC8lLm1vdmFibGVsaW1pdHNHRkQvJSdhY2NlbnRHRkQvJSdsc3BhY2VHUSYwLjBlbUYnLyUncnNwYWNlR0ZTLUkobWZlbmNlZEdGJDYkLUYjNilGKy1GIzYnLUYsNiVRInhGJ0Y2RjktRj02LVEiPUYnRkBGQkZFRkdGSUZLRk1GTy9GUlEsMC4yNzc3Nzc4ZW1GJy9GVUZeby1JI21uR0YkNiRRIjNGJ0ZALyUrZXhlY3V0YWJsZUdGREZALUY9Ni1RIixGJ0ZARkIvRkZGOEZHRklGS0ZNRk9GUS9GVVEsMC4zMzMzMzMzZW1GJy1GIzYnLUYsNiVRJHJoc0YnRjZGOUY8LUZXNiQtRiM2JS1GLDYlUShPdXJTb2xuRidGNkY5RmRvRkBGQEZkb0ZARitGZG9GQEZARmRvRkBGK0Zkb0ZALUY9Ni1RIjtGJ0ZARkJGaW9GR0ZJRktGTUZPRlFGX29GZG9GQA==LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYnLUkjbWlHRiQ2I1EhRictRiM2J0YrLUYjNictRiw2JVEmZXZhbGZGJy8lJ2l0YWxpY0dRJXRydWVGJy8lLG1hdGh2YXJpYW50R1EnaXRhbGljRictSSNtb0dGJDYtUTAmQXBwbHlGdW5jdGlvbjtGJy9GOlEnbm9ybWFsRicvJSZmZW5jZUdRJmZhbHNlRicvJSpzZXBhcmF0b3JHRkQvJSlzdHJldGNoeUdGRC8lKnN5bW1ldHJpY0dGRC8lKGxhcmdlb3BHRkQvJS5tb3ZhYmxlbGltaXRzR0ZELyUnYWNjZW50R0ZELyUnbHNwYWNlR1EmMC4wZW1GJy8lJ3JzcGFjZUdGUy1JKG1mZW5jZWRHRiQ2JC1GIzYlLUYsNiVRIiVGJ0Y2RjkvJStleGVjdXRhYmxlR0ZERkBGQEZobkZARitGaG5GQEYrRmhuRkA=

Or directly

LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYmLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVElV0hBVEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JI21vR0YkNi1RIjtGJy9GM1Enbm9ybWFsRicvJSZmZW5jZUdRJmZhbHNlRicvJSpzZXBhcmF0b3JHRjEvJSlzdHJldGNoeUdGPS8lKnN5bW1ldHJpY0dGPS8lKGxhcmdlb3BHRj0vJS5tb3ZhYmxlbGltaXRzR0Y9LyUnYWNjZW50R0Y9LyUnbHNwYWNlR1EmMC4wZW1GJy8lJ3JzcGFjZUdRLDAuMjc3Nzc3OGVtRicvJStleGVjdXRhYmxlR0Y9Rjk=LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYnLUkjbWlHRiQ2I1EhRictRiM2J0YrLUYjNictRiw2JVEmZXZhbGZGJy8lJ2l0YWxpY0dRJXRydWVGJy8lLG1hdGh2YXJpYW50R1EnaXRhbGljRictSSNtb0dGJDYtUTAmQXBwbHlGdW5jdGlvbjtGJy9GOlEnbm9ybWFsRicvJSZmZW5jZUdRJmZhbHNlRicvJSpzZXBhcmF0b3JHRkQvJSlzdHJldGNoeUdGRC8lKnN5bW1ldHJpY0dGRC8lKGxhcmdlb3BHRkQvJS5tb3ZhYmxlbGltaXRzR0ZELyUnYWNjZW50R0ZELyUnbHNwYWNlR1EmMC4wZW1GJy8lJ3JzcGFjZUdGUy1JKG1mZW5jZWRHRiQ2JC1GIzYlLUYsNiVRIiVGJ0Y2RjkvJStleGVjdXRhYmxlR0ZERkBGQEZobkZARitGaG5GQEYrRmhuRkA=

Check: Maple can also do this:

We can again check our step by step solution for correctness.

JSFH