The following method of citing works in
footnotes,
endnotes, and bibliography is from the Chicago Manual of Style
(13th
edition). Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982.
Format for citing works in either footnotes or endnotes:
First time a book is cited:
-Author's full name
-complete title of work (either underlined, in
italics,
or boldface, but not in any combination of these three options)
- edition number if other than the original
-city of publication
-publisher
-year of publication
-page number(s) being cited.
Example:
Howard Hibbard, Michelangelo. (New York: Harper & Row, 1974), 64.
Walter G. Moss, A History of Russia, vol. II: Since 1855. 2nd edition. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001), 216-224.
Subsequent citation of a previously cited book:
- if cited in back to back entries:
1. Howard Hibbard, Michelangelo.
(New York: Harper & Row, 1974), 64.
2. Ibid. (if exact same work and page
being cited)
OR
1. Howard Hibbard, Michelangelo.
(New York: Harper & Row, 1974), 64.
2. Ibid., 93-102. (if same work, but
different
pages being cited)
- if cited in non-consecutive notes:
1. Howard Hibbard, Michelangelo. (New York: Harper & Row, 1974), 64.
2. Walter G. Moss, A History of Russia, vol. II: Since 1855. 2nd edition. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001), 216-224.
3. Hibbard, ibid. (if same pages cited as in previous entry - in this case in note 1)
OR
1. Howard Hibbard, Michelangelo. (New York: Harper & Row, 1974), 64.
2. Walter G. Moss, A History of Russia, vol. II: Since 1855. 2nd edition. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001), 216-224.
3. Hibbard, 94-105. (if pages are different from those cited in the previous reference to this work)
First time citing an article from a periodical is cited:
-Author's full name
-title of article
-name of periodical
-volume (and number) of the periodical
-date of the volume or of the issue
-page number(s) of the citation
Example:
14. James F. Powers, "Frontier Muncipal Baths and Social Interaction in Thirteenth-Century Spain," American Historical Review 84 (June 1979): 655.
Subsequent citation of a previously cited article:
14. James F. Powers, "Frontier Muncipal Baths and Social Interaction in Thirteenth-Century Spain," American Historical Review 84 (June 1979): 655.
15. Ibid. (if same page)
OR
14. James F. Powers, "Frontier Muncipal Baths and Social Interaction in Thirteenth-Century Spain," American Historical Review 84 (June 1979): 655.
15. Moss, 65.
16. Powers, ibid. (if same page as in
previous
citation of this work)
OR
16. Powers, 675. (if different page(s) than
in
previous citation of this work)
First time citing an
article
from a newspaper:
Example:
10. "Robert Moses, Master Builder, is Dead at 92," New York Times, 30 July 1981, Midwest Edition.
If paper is published in sections, use the following format.
11. William Robins, "Big Wheels: The Rotary Club at 75," New York Times, Sunday, 17 February, 1980, sec. 3.
Citing multiple works from one author:
First time each work is cited, follow the format as shown at the top of this page. The first work cited by this author will merely be referred to in all subsequent entries, by author's last name and page(s). For each subsequent work by the same author, use the author's last name and part of the title.
Example.
24. John T. Jones, Diary
of a Madman. (New York: Grove Press, 1987), 632.
28. John T. Jones, My
Time in Exile. (New York: Atlantic Press, 1964), 14.
29. John T. Jones, "I
Did it My Way," Time Magazine, 56 (June 17, 1990), 54.
30. Jones, 514.
(refers to note 24)
31. Jones, My Time,
ibid. (refers to note 28 and cites same page as in that note)
34. Jones, "I Did it My
Way," 56. (refers to work in note 29 and a different page)
Citing on-line articles:
-author or sponsoring organization-
Name of website and page name
-url
-date created/last updated
-date accessed and cited
Example:
Ilicia J. Sprey, "Study Guide for Western
Civilization
II: Final Exam," http://www.saintjoe.edu/~ilicias/studyguide.htm
, last updated June 6, 1999, accessed April 4, 2003.
Examples of
Bibliographic entries - books.
Hibbard, Howard. Michelangelo. New York: Harper & Row, 1974.
Moss, Walter G.. A History of Russia, volume II: Since 1855. 2nd edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001.