MTH342 Types of Statistical Hypothesis Tests we do in this course Olson

Test Name	Variable Type	# Variables	# Samples	Parameter	Test Statistic	Null Hypothesis	Reject H0 at α if
t-test	Quantitative	1	1	μ	x-bar -> t	μ = a	| t | > t α
Correlation	Quantitative	2	1	ρ (rho)	Pearson’s r	ρ = 0	| r | > r α
Chi-square	Qualitative	2	1	None	χ^2	No relationship between row and column variables	χ^2 > χ^2 α
ANOVA	Quantitative	1	> 1	μ	F	μ1 = μ2 = μ3 = a	F > F α
t-test	Quantitative	1	2	μ	t	μ1 - μ2 = 0	| t | > t α

Notes

1) At the conclusion of a test, you either Accept or Reject the null hypothesis, H₀. Accepting H₀ does not mean that H₀ is “true”.

2) Rejecting H₀ at α is equivalent to the results being statistically significant at α.

3) If a p-value is available to you, the conclusion is made the same way for any test, namely:

If p < α then Reject H₀

Else Accept H₀.

Recall that the p-value is the probability of getting the observed result by randomness alone.

4) You will have to interpret the results of any test, that is, state the result in words with respect to the narrative of the problem.